Seeing Red :: Vision Psychology Essays

Seeing Red Humans receive about 70-80% of information about their surroundings from sight. uncover this in mind, it is clear that for humans, being able to see the environment in which we live can greatly determine how we interact with that environment. For people (as well as for other animals, although not all), color is an important component of sight. Socially, color is extremely important. For example, ruby-red, green, and yellow atomic number 18 all used in directing traffic. Stoplights and signs are red a green light indicates that it is safe to proceed. Yellow symbolizes the need for caution, orange alerts drivers to construction. While all these signs could be executed in black and white (for the write messages would be the same), color is used to help drivers tell the difference between types of messages. Color usage in society is not limited to driving advertising, nurture buildings, offices, etc. use color theory. Color theory is the idea that colors can influenc e people, and that different colors produce different reactions. A wad of people would agree that different colors mean different things or cause different moods, but cannot say exactly why or how. The answers are fuzzy to say the least. One of the most widespread ideas is that different colors stand for or signify different things. However, one must keep in mind a basic fact it being that colors often have different symbolic meanings in different cultures. For example, white is the color for weddings in western societies but for funerals in traditional Chinese culture red is associated with rage in America but with happiness in China. In American fashion and decoration, blue is for boys while pink is for girls, which is a symbolic use of color that are not shared by many cultures (6). After axiom roughlything like that, the next question would be does this mean that colors and the moods/reactions that they may (or may not) elicit are culturally constrained, or is there stil l some underlying biological reason for moods/reactions to alter due to color? A site on the server for Cornell University notes, some of these responses seem to be powerful and sanely universal (5). It is interesting to then look at the idea of chromotherapy the use of colored light to heal. In a paper by Owen Demers he writes, This chromotherapy is not a new age idea.

Amistad Essay example -- essays research papers

Vanessa BreslowProfessor Dublin11/17/99History 103-3LAmistadThe Amistad, ironically a ship that means friendship, was the setting of one of the most historical slave revolts led by sour Africans in 1839. This revolt gained considerable attention from the American population, the media and well as other inter landal interests. It was the black insurrection on board the Amistad that enkindled the underlying issues of politics, thraldom, sectionalism, religion, trade rights, and anti-British sentiment that already plagued the nation at the time of the Amistad incident. The controversy drew the entire world into the conflict over human and topographic point rights, an issue that divided our nation and would eventually catapult it into contend over the relationship of race and slavery to liberty. Treaties and Laws in the 1800s sought to further slavery regulation by making it legal, but prohibiting the further moment of slaves. Great Britain banned slavery in its own colonies, and pursued the suppression of trade. The join States passed the break ones back Importation Act of 1807, which declared further importation of slaves into the get together States illegal. Yet these Laws proved to be unenforceable due to Presidential denial of power to feeble trades in the United States, as well as the salary increase cotton production in the South and the demand for Cuban sugar and Brazilian coffee, two expanding the market for slave labor. Thus the 1817 treaty with Great Britain that as well outlawed foreign slave trade especially hurt the Spanish colony of Cuba. In spite of the ban, slave-traders continued to smuggle in slaves for several decades and attempt to pass them off as legal. Slaves were constantly kidnapped from their homeland and taken most on roadway to Cuba, where slave labor was in most frequent demand. In 1839, the two men, Jose Ruiz and Pedro Montes chartered the Amistad to transpor... ... and that selfishness was a card. Another negative c ompanionship about slavery, viewed by evangelicals, was its association with great wealth. In the following November, the Africans, a translator, and some missionaries (both black and white) left for Africa aboard the ship the Gentleman. The arrival of those Amistad Africans who had successfully rebelled against slavery two years earlier, had burn a sectional debate of significance within the United States. The immediate support of the blacks by leading abolitionists, when contrasted to the immediate denial by the federal governing body of the Africans right to be free, indicated how firmly different forces in the nation were committed to the slavery issue. General public response to the case revealed the importance of party allegiance, the divisiveness of slavery, the special(a) place of the black man, and the extreme aversion to the abolitionists and Great Britain overlap by Americans at the close of the Van Buren administration. These prevalent and resistant differences would remain firmly colonised in the United States, and would gradually tear the nation apart until there comes a call of war to finally settle sectional differences. Amistad Essay example -- essays research papers Vanessa BreslowProfessor Dublin11/17/99History 103-3LAmistadThe Amistad, ironically a ship that means friendship, was the setting of one of the most historical slave revolts led by black Africans in 1839. This revolt gained considerable attention from the American population, the media and well as other international interests. It was the black insurrection on board the Amistad that ignited the underlying issues of politics, slavery, sectionalism, religion, trade rights, and anti-British sentiment that already plagued the nation at the time of the Amistad incident. The controversy drew the entire world into the conflict over human and property rights, an issue that divided our nation and would eventually catapult it into war over the relationship of race and slavery to liberty. Treaties and Laws in the 1800s sought to further slavery regulation by making it legal, but prohibiting the further importation of slaves. Great Britain banned slavery in its own colonies, and pursued the suppression of trade. The United States passed the Slave Importation Act of 1807, which declared further importation of slaves into the United States illegal. Yet these Laws proved to be unenforceable due to Presidential denial of power to halt trades in the United States, as well as the rising cotton production in the South and the demand for Cuban sugar and Brazilian coffee, both expanding the market for slave labor. Thus the 1817 treaty with Great Britain that also outlawed foreign slave trade especially hurt the Spanish colony of Cuba. In spite of the ban, slave-traders continued to smuggle in slaves for several decades and tried to pass them off as legal. Slaves were constantly kidnapped from their homeland and taken most on route to Cuba, where slave labor was in most frequent demand. In 1839, the two men, Jose Ruiz and Pedro Montes chartered the Amistad to transpor... ... and that selfishness was a card. Another negative association about slavery, viewed by evangelicals, was its association with great wealth. In the following November, the Africans, a translator, and some missionaries (both black and white) left for Africa aboard the ship the Gentleman. The arrival of those Amistad Africans who had successfully rebelled against slavery two years earlier, had ignited a sectional debate of significance within the United States. The immediate support of the blacks by leading abolitionists, when contrasted to the immediate denial by the federal government of the Africans right to be free, indicated how firmly different forces in the nation were committed to the slavery issue. General public response to the case revealed the importance of party allegiance, the divisiveness of slavery, the limited place of the black man, and the extreme aversion to the abolitionists and Great Britain shared by Americans at the close of the Van Buren administration. These prevalent and resistant differences would remain firmly settled in the United States, and would gradually tear the nation apart until there comes a call of war to finally settle sectional differences.

John Rawls And Utilitarianism :: Rawls Utilitarinism Philosophy Essays

The social contract theory of John Rawls challenges utilitarianism bypointing out the impracticality of the theory. Mainly, in a smart set ofutilitarians, a citizens rights could be all in all ignored if injustice to thisone citizen would benefit the rest of indian lodge. Rawls believes that a socialcontract theory, similar those proposed by Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau, would bea more logical settlement to the question of fairness in any government. Socialcontract theory in general and including the views of Rawls, is such that in asituation where a society is established of people who are self interested,rational, and couple, the rules of justice are established by what is mutuallyacceptable and agreed upon by all the people therein. This scenario ofnegotiating the laws of that society that will be commonly agreed upon andbeneficial to all is what Rawls terms The Original Position and Justification.Rawls states that for this system to work, all citizens must see themselves asbei ng behind a veil of ignorance. By this he means that all deciding partiesin establishing the guidelines of justice (all citizens) must see themselves asequal to everyone paying no mind to there economic situation or anything elsethat they could keep in mind to negotiate a better situation to those qualities.For example, if everyone in this society has an equal amount of influence towardthe establishing of specific laws, a rich man may propose that taxes should beequal for all rather than symmetric to ones assets. It is for this andsimilar situations that Rawls feels that everyone must become oblivious tothemselves. Rawls believes that the foundational guideline agreed upon by thethose in the original position will be composed of two parts. The showtime ofthese rules of justice being one that enforces equal rights and duties for allcitizens and the later of the two one which regulates the powers and wealth ofall citizens.In the conception of utilitarianism possessed by Rawls, an i nnocentspectator and ideal legislator are necessary components. The impartialspectator is one who rational and sensitive to all of the desires of society.The impartial spectator must feel these desires as if they were his own desiresand by doing such, give each of them priority over other desires and organizethem into one system from which the ideal legislator tries to maximizesatisfaction for all citizens by manipulating and adjusting the policy for thatsociety. By this theory of utilitarianism, Rawls argues that the decisionmaking process is being integrated into one conscience and that this system

Howard Stern Essay -- essays research papers fc

     How might one explain Howard Stern? Yes, he is a refreshing change from the typical, politic every last(predicate)y correct figure, and he provides humor and sex for slow night audiences who are growing weary of Leno and Letterman. And while Howard Stern, shock jock turned video recording host, is more on the same wavelength as a Jerry custom than a late night comic, Stern has always claimed--like Jerry--that his show is just an act.     The idea that Howard Stern could come close--but not too close--to naked women on his television show, might have created the impression that this was just an act after all. He would say things that any other husband could not get away with, and it was okay, because it was all an act. His integrity and sense of honesty was intact, because he could look and not touch, even if he was standing just an inch away. Of course, that idea would not sit sound with all, but in the world of Howard Stern, everythi ng was copacetic. That is, until his wife left him.     It might have been, as with many couples, that the pair divorced for a variety of reasons and that it had nothing to do with his untoward behavior. Still, the fact that he was married for many years, despite his lewd comments, gave him credibility. He was married and because he maintained that he was a faithful, it gave him a triplex persona. People would think "Howard is all right. He speaks his mind. So what." But with a single Stern, the picture changes. He is no better than any other loathsome old man now. At least that is the perception.     While many speculate about the breakup--as who would stay married to a man who ogles other women every twenty-four hour period on the air--Stern maintains that the separation had nothing to do with his on screen behavior. He said " I take most of the blame because Im a workaholic, and when Im not working(a) Im hiding in my basemen t trying to recover, and Ive pretty much hidden from life. I dont think its easy to be married to me " ("Not-so-private" 68). Sterns contention that his marriage crumbled because of his habits peal true. In the film Private Parts based on his life, Stern revealed that he was of good character, remained faithful to his wife and that he was hard to live with morose the air. Howard Stern is a recluse at home and marria... ...t marriage is something that is good for society. Still, if the couple do split for good, what he does as a bachelor leave alone have an effect on his fans and his critics. But just as he makes fun of homeless people for example, it appears that he has set up a intro for them on the sly ("Jock" 15). That is the mystery of Stern. He is both kind and callous. And while he can be both things at the same time, he is consistent in each trait, as he has hardly wavered from his positions over the years. Works CitedDonovan, Doug. "Motor Mouths. (Brief Article)." Forbes 20 Mar 2000 226 " Jock shock is Howard Stern in secret helping the very same people he      mocks? (radio talk show hosts H and A Stern Family Foundation,      Inc. rumored to help homeless people)." New York 14 Jun 199915."Not-So-Private role That sensitive radio guy, Howard Stern, feels the      pain as his      marriage unravels. (Up Front)(Brief Article)." People           Weekly 8 Nov 1999 68

American reporter said to be ?OK? :: essays research papers

it sucksPOLICE IN Karachi told NBC News that Saeeds confine was a major breakthrough and that he disclosed Pearl was still alive during an initial interrogation.Separately, Jamil Yousuf, head of a citizen-police liaison committee, quoted Saeed as saying of Pearl, Hes alive. Hes OK. However, NBCs Robert Windrem reported that while the United States believes Saeed played a central role in the kidnapping, officials are not sure whether he knows the whereabouts of the reporter.Saeed, a British-born Islamic militant, was arrested Tuesday afternoon in the eastern city of Lahore and sent to Karachi for questioning, ministry secretary Tasneem Noorani told The Associated Press. Saeeds arrest was announced one day before Pakistani President Pervez Musharraf is to touch President Bush in Washington. The kidnapping embarrassed the Musharraf government, which is seeking U.S. aid as it attempts to combat Muslim extremism in this predominantly Islamic country of 147 jillion people. Relations between the United States and Pakistan have warmed up significantly since the Islamabad government agreed to support the U.S. war on terrorism in Afghanistan, where Pakistan had been a staunch supporter of the hard-line Taliban regime. Advertisement RELEASED AFTER HIJACKINGSaeed, a 27-year-old British born Islamic militant, was freed from an Indian jail in declination 1999 in exchange for passengers of an Indian Airlines jet which was hijacked on a domestic flight to Kandahar, Afghanistan.The son of a clothes merchant from Wanstead in east London, Saeed canvas at the London School of Economics.Lonnie Kelley, spokesman for the U.S. Consulate in Karachi, said they had no word on Pearls fate and were trying to confirm that Saeed has been arrested.We are flavour into it, but nothing on Daniel yet, he said.Steve Goldstein, a vice president and spokesman for Dow Jones, the Wall Street Journals parent company, declined to comment on whether the arrest revealed new information about Pear ls abduction. We continue to remain hopeful, Goldstein said in a telephone interview. He also declined to comment on specifics of the case. NOT A CAR CHASEA team of police officers from the southern province of Sindh had been in Lahore searching for Saeed for the last few days, the government-run news position Associated Press of Pakistan reported Tuesday.Police did not reveal the circumstances of Omars arrest, but said they had been rounding up his associates and raiding their houses in recent days.

American reporter said to be ?OK? :: essays research papers

it sucksPOLICE IN Karachi told NBC News that Saeeds arrest was a major breakthrough and that he disclosed Pearl was still alive during an initial interrogation.Separately, Jamil Yousuf, head of a citizen-police liaison committee, quoted Saeed as saying of Pearl, Hes alive. Hes OK. However, NBCs Robert Windrem reported that while the United States believes Saeed played a central role in the kidnapping, officials atomic number 18 not sure whether he knows the whereabouts of the reporter.Saeed, a British-born Islamic militant, was arrested Tuesday afternoon in the einsteiniumern city of Lahore and sent to Karachi for questioning, ministry secretary Tasneem Noorani told The Associated Press. Saeeds arrest was announced one day before Pakistani prexy Pervez Musharraf is to meet President Bush in Washington. The kidnapping embarrassed the Musharraf government, which is seeking U.S. aid as it attempts to combat Muslim extremism in this predominantly Islamic countrified of 147 million people. Relations between the United States and Pakistan have warmed up significantly since the Islamabad government agreed to support the U.S. war on terrorist act in Afghanistan, where Pakistan had been a staunch supporter of the hard-line Taliban regime. Advertisement RELEASED AFTER HIJACKINGSaeed, a 27-year-old British born Islamic militant, was freed from an Indian jail in December 1999 in exchange for passengers of an Indian Airlines jet which was hijacked on a domestic flight to Kandahar, Afghanistan.The son of a clothes merchant from Wanstead in east London, Saeed studied at the London School of Economics.Lonnie Kelley, spokesman for the U.S. Consulate in Karachi, said they had no word on Pearls fate and were trying to confirm that Saeed has been arrested.We are looking into it, but nothing on Daniel yet, he said.Steve Goldstein, a vice president and spokesman for Dow Jones, the Wall Street Journals parent company, declined to chit-chat on whether the arrest revealed new i nformation about Pearls abduction. We continue to remain hopeful, Goldstein said in a telephone interview. He also declined to comment on specifics of the case. NOT A CAR CHASEA team of police officers from the southern province of Sindh had been in Lahore searching for Saeed for the last few days, the government-run intelligence operation agency Associated Press of Pakistan reported Tuesday.Police did not reveal the circumstances of Omars arrest, but said they had been rounding up his associates and raiding their houses in new-fashioned days.

Operations Management Essay

I. IntroductionOperations management is a management carcass dedicated in dealing with the allocation of resources, dealing with constraints, marketing and the strategic management theories that would be utilize in the day to day processes necessary for a smart set, with the endpoint of producing profits and revenues.(Operations Re es feel out, 2006) It is basically the management function that deals in the yieldion and distribution of trustys and work.(Stevenson, 2005) Companies practice this type of management to ensure that the cursory processes to drive the necessary considerably or service that would be available for distribution.Basically, an face or company has three functional fields that it functions on. First of which, is finance. Basically, finance is the management field dealing with the sourcing and allocation of funds in the organization it functions as a distributor of funds to the unscathed organization and is besides responsible for the investment decisi ons that would generate future cash flows for the company. Marketing is the managerial field responsible for the identification of consumers preferences and tastes. It seeks to employ these as market factors that would be used to promote and sell the organizations products or outputs. Lastly, Operations is the managerial function that deals mainly in the production of earnests and services that the company considers as output. The driving force of the organization or company is operations.II. sedulousness in ScopeThe service Industry of the United States is superstar of the industries that runs under the classification of macrocosm one of the main industries in the United States. It is the diligence devoted to the utilization of non-good products that would be utilized by the market, mainly in finance and operations.A. The cultivation IndustryThe Information Sector of the Service Industry is the heavens concerned with information touch on, distribution of products that per form data processing activities, and more importantly, the distribution of information through mediums standardized the Internet. Main components of the industry include the data processing companies, broadcasting companies, movie and audiovisual companies and other industries that function as distributors of information or provide products that would be capable of receiving, transmittance or processing of Information. The information service industries that include data portals and search engines are also included in the list.(NAICS Industry Sector Description Information Industry, 2006) This shows that the Information Sector is one of the key industries in the development of information and data exchange. The development in softwares and the evolution of the means of data processing is achieved through the development of this industry.Characteristics of the Information IndustryThere are several unique distinctions associated to the Information Sector member. They are the disti nguishing characters that separate this sector from the different sector segments. First is that the products associated with this industry does non take any loticular form(NAICS Industry Sector Description Information Industry, 2006) the associated outputs are intangible in nature. For example, news delivered by a television broadcasting company does not return a true form, although it can be grasped by the comprehension of raft.The second characteristic is that the transaction can be consummated without direct contact from the parties involved.(NAICS Industry Sector Description Information Industry, 2006) Since the transaction can be do in the Internet, such as that in E-Business, the buyer and the seller can transact using that medium. The third characteristic is that the since the products involved does not really have a tangible form, the content of the product is what gives the product its value.(NAICS Industry Sector Description Information Industry, 2006)Structure is not important. And since this is the case, intellectual property laws harbor the products. For example, the reel of film is not what gives a motion picture its true value, hence the motion picture itself is the one protected by the law and not that of the film in which it is recorded in. The fourth characteristic is that the processes involved in the production of the products in this sector is different from the processes involved in the production of the goods in any other industry.(NAICS Industry Sector Description Information Industry, 2006)This reserves the company the sole rights in the nature of its processes and its sequential structure. The fifth characteristic is that companies in this industry that does not derive its profit mainly from the revenue from the sales of its products(NAICS Industry Sector Description Information Industry, 2006) instead, the main part of revenue is accumulated form the additional values that are attached to the product such as advertisements.I I. The health Care IndustryThe Service Industry also has Health Care under its roster. This industry is the one responsible for the administration of proper vex in health of the people that needs them. These varieties of receivers of health care range from the poor to the rich, from the terminally ill to those of infections. The combination of human affection and that of modern technology helps provide the necessary service that the industry promises to deliver.(Health Care, 2005) Workers ranging from physicians of every kind to the paramedics, this industry is responsible for the research and study of the illnesses that afflict mankind and finds ways to counteract the diseases before they become outbreaks. This industry is also essential in providing the public information on their health care and of the recent diseases and how to prevent them.The Nine SegmentsThe Health Care Industry can be classified into nine segments overall. The first segment would be that of the Hospitals. This is the segment includes the care of patients that would need to be cared for overnight.(Health Care, 2005) The hospital facilities offer a whole variety of health care services that they offer to the general public.The second segment is the Nurses and Residential Care Facilities. (Health Care, 2005)This segment takes care of people who cannot fully take care of them selves but not in definite need of hospital care. This segment mainly deals with children, the elderly and the incapacitated. This is also the facility that gives care round the clock nurturing, like those of children.The Office of the Physicians is also a segment of the Health Care industry.(Health Care, 2005) This is a segment wherein a convocation of physicians practice together in order for them to reduce costs. Doctors also find it convenient to practice with peers, which lead to the formation of such. This segment also comprises about 37% of the industry of Health Care.The Office of the Dentist is the next s egment, comprising about 20% of the health care facilities nameed.(Health Care, 2005) This office provide change dental consonant care, and in times, dental surgery.The Home Health Care Service is a fast growing segment in the Health Care Industry. This segment specializes in the care of the elderly in the comfort of their homes. This special care is always under the supervision of a doctor or physician, in order to establish any concerns in the field of medicine.The segment of the Office of Health Practitioners is the segment that includes the services of alternative medicine such as the practice of acupuncture. It also includes the services of other practitioners such as the chiropractors, who are paid either in cash or by insurance coverage.The segment of Ambulatory Services is the segment involved in this industry as the support of the medical field of hospitals and other institutions. This segment includes transport (helicopters), surgical components (blood banks), and other support services like that of anti-smoking programs.Outpatient care centers are also part of this industry as another segment. This segment includes the outpatient services of dialysis, mental health care and that of drug abuse reclamation centers.The last segment is that of the medical and diagnostic services. This segment deals with the laboratory work that patients need from time to time. Services include x-rays, sonograms and x-rays. These laboratory works are commonly used in hospitals to supplement the knowledge of the doctors practicing their profession there.III. Analysis of CompaniesIntel CorporationIntel is a processing chip producer that specializes in the production of microcentral processing units utilized by the computer producing companies. The corporation can be classified as belonging to the Information Sector of the Information Industry as it manufactures the microprocessors used in data exchange and data interpretation. The companies recent developments are also put into focus.A. MarketingThe marketing aspect of Intel Corporation is on a roll recently. They make strategic tie-ups with Dell and Google, giving them an advantage against their competitors. The tie-up consists of the production of microprocessors that would be used in the assembly line of Dell Computers and would also provide Google the hardware that they need. In addition to that, the management changed their companys logotype, stating the fact that they need to be at the same page with the developments that the industry is undergoing. Furthermore, the marketing implications of changing a logo that was easily related to the company was a good move, especially with the extinct principles that accompany the old design.In addition to that, the company is promoting their processors with the renaming of their products. The Pentium Series would be phased out, being replaced by their new products, the Viiv and the Centrino. This put consumers on a new page with the development of ne w names of their products.And Lastly, Intel produced power-saving chips for the search engine Google, which lets Intel make advertisements through the search engine. Google also expressed their liking of Intels wireless technology, the WiMax.B. OperationsIntels operation is on the rise as it is the product of the company make-over issued by the freshly appointed CEO, Paul Otellini. The production of their microchips has risen and they have also expressed their plans to penetrate the markets governed by the leadership of Texas Instruments by producing the same chips that Texas does. Moreover, the company decided it should produce more of the specialized type of chips that the digital players require. Inking a deal with a Hollywood producers and music services. Intel is now producing digital players the same way that their partners Sony and Philips do.The operations of the company took a major turn in the changing of leaderships. This result whitethorn be due to the different princip les employed by the new management, which other companies say is a good outline on Intels part. A continuance on the part of Intel in its operations like in the production of their specialized microchips may give further development on their part. Praise is also due to the Digital Home team of Intel as it was one of the key factors that moved(p) the companys success in the present.C. Product QualityProducts by Intel seem to be growing in quality, as it the marketing strategies employed was a success. The ride in the demand of the companys new products, especially of the new processors, may also be attributed to the quality control measures employed by the company. No companys growth would be constantly on the rise unless the companys product has good quality.The digital players that Intel produced were a good plan, according to their business partners. They followed through by producing real good products that are now competing with the dominant producers of digital music in the i ndustry. Furthermore, their strategic partnership with well-known brands ensured the public of the good quality of products that are produced by Intel.The power saving chips that are manufactured by Intel to be used by Google are of good quality, otherwise Google would not use it. A quality company would want nothing less than their standards of quality. And finally, the wireless application WiMax, which was developed by Intel, was of comparing attitude with the existing WiFi, giving the go signal that Google is also interested in further development of the application.D. Product differentiationThe companys marketing strategy employs quite a good differentiation of their market at present in such a way that the public would know what type of product they would want o own. The digital player developed by the Digital home team of Intel was made to those music fans who wanted no less than the outflank products for their listening pleasure. The powers saving chips were made at the id ea of Google, which now has a tie-up with Intel Corporation. The basic computer processors were made with different names the Viiv and the Centrino. This allows consumers to choose their processor without confusing it with the other. The product differentiation in this part of Intels product line worked well as the two products mentioned have different characteristics, giving good judgment to the fact that they should be named differently.The company also stressed a point that Intel is not all about microprocessors inside the computers. They also have a wide variety of goods that do not overlap in the market. The placing of the products is both effective and efficient.D. Consumer Satisfaction IssuesAt present, not much consumer satisfaction issues have made any negative impact on the products of Intel. The microprocessor that they produce would only be delivered to the assembly line of the computer producers. They would be the one to incorporate the chip into the musical arrangemen t of the computer. So far, no problem in the speed and the accuracy of data processing has been large enough for the company to re-think their strategies. The consumer satisfaction index that can be nearly based on would be the satisfaction of the consumers on their continued development of their product lines that somehow reaches out to almost all generations.E. Overall appraisalThe management of Intel made the best move when they have changed not only the look, but also the outlook of the company. Marketing strategies have been hitting two birds with one stone achieving promotional means and the earnings they generate through the ale of product to tie-up companies. This excellent strategy made Intel one company to watch in the future.However, the drawback with Intels new strategy the companys new logo was a lot different from the previous generations idea of the Intel logo. This may pose to be a problem to the older generation of the market that would want to catch up with the pro gress of technology. Consumer preferences actually change with this move by Intel but the implication of the changing of the logo was also the changing of the practices, values and principles that governed the company for years. Furthermore, Intel must live to the expectations of its consumers, accompanied with the change in principles. Intel must exhibit that they have indeed developed into a powerhouse strategist.

The Great City of Calicut

The Great City of Calicut Located on the Malabar (southwestern) Coast of India was its port city of Calicut. Calicut, Kozhikode, was the capitol of a commonwealth which served as an important, if non the most important, state in the region in which it lay. Although Calicut lay on the coast, there was no place along its shore deep enough for ships to anchor. Still, as early as the fourteenth century, Calicut conducted a considerable amount of switch over.According to the primary sources of Ibn Battuta, Ma Huan, and an annonymous bunch member of Vasco da Gama s, Calicut flourished as a center of trade because of their resources and trade systems, among other factors, making lasting impressions on these and other foreign visitors. In the account recorded in the Roteiro (Logbook), of Vasco da Gamas anonymous crew member, various resources of Calicut were given. Calicut was a supplier and producer of several desired spices, including ginger, pepper, and the cinnamon-like spice, cassia .By the fifteenth century, Calicut had established a system for cultivating pepper. Among spices that were brought to Calicut and traded with other countries were cloves from the island of Melqua and true cinnamon from Cillion. In appendage to their natural resources, the people of Calicut created and sold silk. Once the silk was acquired from the silkworm, it was boiled, dyed, then weaved into kerchiefs. Not only was Calicut admired for their resources, but Calicut established trade regulations among foreign countries that was both respected and appreciated.For example, Moroccan traveler-ambassador Ibn Battuta chronicled in his ribla (around 1356), book of travels, that when a ship wrecked along the Malabar Coast, only items from the ship were taken to the treasury. However, in Calicut, the owner of the wreckage was permitted to recollect his items. Merchants appreciated this, thus attracting hike up business. This policy was strategic of Calicut in that although they did not ga in an immediate profit from the wrecked ships, long-term, trade efficiency increased, ultimately benefitting Calicut even more.In Chinese Muslim Ma Huans book, The Overall Survey of the Oceans Shores, published in 1451, he gives a detailed description of Calicuts trading process. Once a vessel arrived in Calicut, two chiefs were appointed to it to oversee transactions. The king of Calicut sends a chief, an accountant, and a broker to inspect the accountant books. After a date is chosen to fix prices, the price of each good brought to trade to Calicut is fixed, a description, much like a receipt, is given to both dampies.Next, the chief, the accountant, and the commander of the visiting ship all shake hands and agree to never retract or change the price fixed for the goods. Then the accountant and wealthy men bring wealth to be assessed and priced. This process takes between one and three days. This description shows that because Calicut had such a high volume of trade, a system wa s developed and practiced to a T in order to maintain trade efficiency. This also assured that no one was cheated out of goods/money.According to the accounts of the above travelers, the development of Calicut was aided in part by their natural resources and trading systems and regulations. Chief among other factors as to why Calicut was so significant is that it served as a trading route, allowing duties to be paid to the Sultan. However, during these times, the state of Calicut was in religious divide. The king and the people were Hindu, while the chiefs were Muslim. Although the two religions respected each other, this divide may carry been seen as weakness among foreigners, which may have ultimately contributed to the decline of Calicut.

Psychology and Physical Response Laughter Essay

The field of counseling will finally reach its highest potential when people enter therapy because they feel they siret laugh enough in their lives You may be surprised to learn that not everyone can spontaneously laugh nor can everyone experience a belly laugh. This depends to a large degree on the capacity of the nauseated dust to handle the activation necessary for such a physical receipt Laughter keeps your nervous strategy healthy.If youve ever watched a funny movie and later felt a warm, tingling feeling all over your bole then you were likely discharging. You see laughter is an ideal means of discharger Laughter is believed to be a right brain activity with the capacity to help us feel balanced. One way that it does so is via discharge As you may admit read elsewhere on this site, a healthy nervous system can manage energy well. That is, the nervous system becomes energized via stimulation (i.e. it becomes activated) and then it discharges the energy accordingly. We mov e through cycles of activation and discharge instinctively and efficiently (if we have a healthy nervous system) all day long. My Personal laughter in experiencesIts been my clinical experience that once the nervous system is fix i.e. it is self-regulating, the parasympathetic down regulation is less likely to trigger negative moods. I cant express enough how huge this ides is in footing of how we approach mental health. This site was, in part, inspired by this very notion. The new therapies available (especially right-brain-based therapies e.g. body psychotherapy) more readily utilize the positive aspects of our lives save not in a mindless magical thinking sort of way. They do so from a way of directly changing how the nervous system responds. Other experience groups that have been combined into this group include None yet.This is an experience group where everyone says I Keep My Sanity Through Laughter. It features support, personal stories and experiences, advice, chat, talk , forums, videos, pictures and resources from square people, just like you. Its free to join, and the people in this group would love to meet you If youve had this experience, or plan on having it in the future,simply put over Me Too or Plan To and add it to your experiences. As you add more experiences, were better able to recommend interesting people Laughter is the discharge. It is the natural way our body lets go of the heightened energy. If you find yourself laughing at inappropriate times, you will find this habit easier to control when you work on calming your nervous system thats why being a good healthy.

Bullies Are Criminals Essay

Bullying is a constant problem in domesticates today. It starts with innervation comments, but escalates to more severe matters. Weve seen it bechance, and a lot of us know how it feels. None of us like it. People competency say they are serious ignorant kids, but bullies truly are criminals, stealing conceit and at times ending lives. 56 percent of students halt personally snarl some sort of ballyragrag at school between fourth grade and 8th grade. Some say that it is estimated that more than 160,000 kids miss school cursory due to fear of being bullied by other students. concord to disability, harassment, civil, and criminal laws, bullying can be easily become a crime. First of all, bullying is a crime, because of the serious effects it can have on an individual. and, once robbed of their self-confidence they can suffer from mental and physiological problems, drop out of school and even commit suicide. many adults still get teary recalling their humiliating days a t the hands of the class bully, mainly because bullies dont scarper alone. They pick up sycophantic disciples along the way and that multiplies the dupes pain.The old saying goes, sticks and stone may break my bones, but words go out never hurt me. This isnt necessarily true, words do hurt. Maybe not physically, but when kids already have insecurities, bullies dont help. They chassis on those insecurities and insult the different qualities of kids. No one likes the way insults feel, and this is why bullies are criminals and deserve more severe consequences. The most common send out cited for being harassed is students appearance and or body size. 2 out of every 5 teens feel that they are bullied because, of the way that they look. It is say that more parents are allowing their young children to undergo plastic operation to combat bullying. For example a little girl in the 1st grade, went under surgery to get her ears pinned back to prevent her from being bullied. Over 30% of ch ildren who suffer a food allergy have been bullied at school. While verbal shout out was the most common form of bullying, 40% reported having been physically threatened, such as having allergen thrown or waved at thusly or being moved(p) by the allergen.Food allergies affect an estimated 3 million children. Secondly, bullying can end up in a tragic death. Though it does not happen often, it has happened. The usual event is suicide of the victim, or a violent act by the bully that may end in murder. For example, a 15 stratum old girl hung herself after being harassed by classmates who called her names, picked on her, said she was fat, she had been bullied her whole life before this occurred. There was also a teenager named Larry king who was hired gun in the head in front if a teacher and a whole classroom full of students. These horrible events can start for many reasons including jealousy, gender bias, or racism, It just isnt right. Bullies are criminals they terrorize and h arass their victims, ripping apart their self-esteem and attacking their insecurities until the unthinkable happens, violence or even a tragic death. Bullying is a symptom if stinky behaviour.There is a correlation of bad manner to incidents of murder, suicides and vandalism. This Is bad behavior can happen anywhere, schools, home, work place, shopping malls etc. it is not until the victim has been seriously affected that people I n authority finally find out by this time it has already affected the victim and all students who watch have bad behavior. Incidents of bad behavior may lead to minor or more serious situations. 1 out of 10 students drop out if school because, they are bullied. A victim of bullying is twice as likely to take his or her own life compared to someone who is not a victim. 30 percent of students who say they have been bullied said they sometimes had brought a weapon to school. In 2007, the five worst states for bullying in kindergarten -12th grade are Califo rnia, New York,, Illinois, Pennsylvania, and Washington. Boys tend to bully thence to groups, such as athletes .vs. non-athletes. Girls tend to bully accordingly to groups, such as popular .vs. non-popular.Teens who are gay are often subjected to such intense bullying that they do not receive an adequate education. Theyre often embarrassed or ashamed to report the abuse. A girl named Megan hung herself 3 weeks before her fourteenth birthday in 2006 after receiving cruel messages on Myspace. A mother of one of her friends had created a false Myspace account to send Megan harassing emails. The bullying mother was indicated on the incident but was acquitted. Two students involved in the 1999 columbine massacre were described as gifted students who had been bullied for years. During the school shooting, they boys killed 13 people, injured 24 and then killed themselves. This should show you how terrible it is if you are bullied. There was just a recent shooting in Connecticut. Where a s tudent that went there years ago, took his mothers guns and went to the school and shot 27 children, some survived and some did not. The principle was shot and killed, the physiologist was shot as well. Lastly, People often think that bullies dont see the effects of their actions, or that they dont understand what they are doing to others.The thing is, bullies understand what they are doing. Whether the bullies are kids or adults, they know it is wrong. Bullying someone is abuse. Some people might say, Bullying is really common. What are we going to do, send half American kids to cast aside? Half of American kids wont end up in jail because there are other alternatives. For instance, bullies could be required to do community service, therapy, or be made to visit a prison to be shown what their time to come may be. In addition, parents, schools, and kids need to work together. The problems wont go away on their own. We need to look at the facts of each case and take arrogate action . 1 in 4 teachers see nothing wrong with bullying and will not intervene 4 percent of the time. 57 percent of students who pass harassment in school never report the incident to the school. 10 percent of those who do not report stay quiet because, they do not believe that teachers r staff members can do anything.As a result more than a quarter of students feel that school is an unsafe place to be. Schools with easier understood rules of conduct, smaller class size and fair discipline practice report little violence than those without such features. Researchers have found that bullying roles (those who bully their victims) remain fairly stable throughout school. For example, even switching to a new classroom, victims of bullying continued to be victims. However, by the age of 23, the roles become less stable and victim of bullies are not harassed or socially isolated. Research by flight Crime/invest in kids reports that 60 percent of boys who bullied from first grade through ninth grade were convicted of at least one crime by the age 24 and 40 percent had triad or more convictions by age 24.In conclusion, bullying needs to stop Bullying is a criminal act. Bullies harass, make threats, terrorize, and use verbal and physical abuse on their victims. We nee to stand up to bullies and not let them strip us of our self-esteem. Bullies must face the consequences of their actions with either therapy or some interlingual rendition of criminal punishment. Maybe if we take a group of bullies to visit a jail to show them how rough their life could turn out, they may rethink their behavior and ways. Bullying is a constant problem in schools today.It starts with annoying comments, but escalates to more severe matters. Weve seen it happen, and a lot of us known how it feels. None of us like it. People might say they are just ignorant kids, but bullies truly are criminals, stealing self-esteem and at times ending lives. 56 percent of students have personally felt some sort of bullying at school between 4th grade and 8th grade. Some say that it is estimated that more than 160,000 kids miss school every day due to fear of being bullied by other students. According to disability, harassment, civil, and criminal laws, bullying can be easily become a crime.

Congressional Earmarks

In monetary year 2008, there were 11,524 holds totaling $16,501,833,000 for appropriations accounts. A Congressional earmark is a provision that directs funds to be spent on specific projects. Congressional earmarks should be banned and the unused money should be returned to the citizens. The largest Disadvantage of congressional earmarks that I can see is the amount of money they use. An earmark on an Alaskan highway bill was for a bridge, that took money from hurricane reconstruction.This bridge would have constitute $320 one thousand million. As federal taxpayers would you like to pay $320 million, by way of three separate earmarks? These three earmarks where added to the highway bill in 2005. These earmarks managed to take almost $223 million from a reconstruction project for a bridge in Louisiana. According to the 2010 copy of the Congressional Pig Book , it showed almost 9,200 earmarks totaling $16. 5 billion dollars. veritable(a) though that is a 10. % decline from 2009, the fact that we are trillions of dollars in debt and we are using the money to fund projects like the Monroe County Farmers Market in Kentucky and The second largest disadvantage that I can see from the use of earmarks is the gangrene and disgrace they can bring. The bridge above that is mentioned took money for hurricane reconstruction. This project is a humiliation to the people of Alaska and the U. S. Congress some people say. Some people view the bridge as an object of national ridicule and a symbol of the fiscal irresponsibility of many in Congress toward the money entrusted to them by the taxpayers.In response to this national humiliation, many in Alaska have vented their anger in the states newspapers, and the papers editors have also objected to the bridge on their editorial pages. According to http//www. heritage. org David Raskin of Homer, Alaska, wrote, Alaskans owe an apology to the people of New Orleans, to Alaska Native people and to the Nation for their selfish myo pia in sending these scoundrels to Washington and voting to keep them there.

Roman Fever Symbolism

Whartons Roman Fever In Edith Whartons Roman Fever, the setting takes place in the romantic metropolis of Rome, on the balcony of a casual Roman restaurant. Two wealthy American widows, Mrs. Ansley and Mrs. Slade, are sitting together carrying on a conversation from good afternoon to evening. From the restaurant, the deuce women are overseeing the ruins of the ancient city of Rome. Grace Ansley and Alida Slades conversation from afternoon to evening, the colosseum, the ancient ruins, and Grace Ansleys knitting all have important meanings. The afternoon light is the last hours of friendship and kindness that the two ladies display for each other.When the two ladies finally start getting deeper into their conversation they begin to build an suspicious relationship that takes place at dawn. The evening darkness is Mrs. Slade and Mrs. Ansleys entry to the dark secrets and rivalry that they have for each other. The colosseum is symbolic for the battlefield where Mrs. Ansley and Mrs. Slad e fought for the man that they loved. Mrs. Slade and Mrs. Ansley happen the gladiatorial tradition. In this battle, Mrs. Slade and Mrs. Ansley use their life of lies, daughters and husbands as weapons to criticize on each other.The ruins of the romantic city of Rome are also significant. The ruins is like Mrs. Ansley and Mrs. Slades decaying relationship. In the end their friendship collapses. In Roman Fever, Grace Ansley is knitting with rosy silk throughout most of the story. There are many different ways in which knitting is used. Mrs. Ansley knitting is a way for her to cover up her agitation and the guilt of her past. The knitting represents the complicated, twisted relationship and life that these women have. The crimson silk is symbolic for passion and love.

Importance of Educations Essay

Education is a means for increasing knowledge. A best-selling(predicate) saying is Knowledge is power. Without education, the training of the human minds is incomplete. No individual is a human being in the working world until he has been ameliorate in the proper sense. Now Im not saying youre not a human being without education. The mind was made to be trained and without education, a person is incomplete. Without education, man, as it were, is locked up in a windowless room. With education, he finds himself in a room with all its windows open to the outside world.In other words, people who are not educated have less opportunity to do what they want to do. Therefore, education is wholeness of the most important processes in todays society. Todays youth are tomorrows teachers. Education is important because it gives a better personal development, brighter future, and able to blade inform decisions. We learn from the moment we are infants all the way to adulthood. Learning is a co ntinuous process and a life long journey. There is no end to learning and it is vital for one to continuously seek to improve ones self.Personal development is continuous and requires one to learn and re-learn current skills and knowledge. Education plays a pivotal part in personal development. Life-long education creates self-awareness and enables you to develop new talents which facilitates employability and improves the quality of life. Personal development is seen by some as a part of higher education and most companies often emphasise on the need for personal development in order to accommodate to the ever so changing work requirements.Oscar Wilde a popular writer states that you can never be overdressed or overeducated. By empowering our mind, we would be able to positively hold to society and the well-being of the entire world. Besides that, education gives a brighter future because it is one of the factors that affect job positions people hold, their salaries, and furthe r careers. It is an open window to more opportunities in life. One of those opportunities is endureting a good job which volition provide security and assurance of a good life.Education can get you into jobs of high level with a good salary package. For most people, salary is a key to ensure that you receive compensation for what you have done. The salary that you will receive by professional job will represent a superior level of income in society. Being in a high write job will also increase your status in the society. People would look up to you and you will gain the respect of others. Moreover, with the additional money realise one could save for the future. This will lead one to live a luxury life style without worrying on the expenses incurred.In addition, education enables one to make informed decisions. With proper education one is able to evaluate the pros and cons of decision and therefore make rational and sound decisions. This is essential in a working environment w here decisions have to be made on an ad hoc basis and it affects others as well. Therefore education plays a vital role in making decisions as it enables him to analyse, evaluate and justify the decisions that he make. An informed decision is a decision made after learning relevant facts about the digest of the decision.For example, a person might make an informed decision to join the politics or not join after researching to find out if the lifestyle, benefits, and stumble opportunities are what he wants. The importance of education cannot be measured. Its value is unmatchable. Without it stems ignorance, frustration, anger, and demise. With it, solutions, alternatives, and new ideas can be brought forth to further improve the evolution of mankind. With each genesis we are making one step forward. As we learn from our mis induces, we are able to improve the next time around.Without education, improvement and progress would never be achieved. There is no greater purpose than usin g the mind to everyones best advantage. Education makes a man who he is and what he does. It chooses his faith and when he is on the right path, he leaves him on his own, to make his own decisions with his new life with Education. It shows the surrounding people who you are, what you like and what you dont. Education has to be utilize the right way to be drive out the most of life. Only education can help you in the future, so why abuse it, and take it if you can By Raveena & Aina

Cultural Diversity in America

Diversity is an important part of American culture. Cultural diversity has helped to shape the expressive style we live everyday as well as the antithetical foods we eat. What liter totallyy thought me more or less diversity is that it is not limited just too racial or ethnic groups but other minority groups. The new information I have learned rough diversity still has not changed my views. I think it is important to learn round others cultures and backgrounds. Without knowledge about other pagan groups we would only have stereotypes to go off of. Stereotypes without proper knowledge can live on to discrimination or parti priss.I did learn about my own ethnic background and how far we still regard to go. The Hispanic people argon still the lowest paid. Recently we are still fighting against prejudice in regards to immigration laws. There are many ignorant people that view all Hispanic people should not be in this country. Some automatically think we all come from Mexico. W hich is not the contingency, both my parents are American and my mothers parent are from the US. On my dads side my grandmother was from Mexico as well as my grandpa who fought in WWII, Vietnam, and Korean War.He is a real hero and it is unfair that he has fought for our freedom but some would want him deported. Trends in immigration are steadily rising and should continue to do so. In 2050 the White population will become a minority and the minority groups will become the majority. There are many cultures that strive to migrate to the fall in stated to live out the American dream. Our country was built by immigrants trying to escape a country they could no longer believe in. Those people wanted freedom to believe and live the way they wanted too.That is still the dream of all immigrants to move on to a new country and ready a better life for themselves and their families. The major challenge the United States faces due the diversity of its people is losing the American culture i n the mist of all the different cultural groups. Also American will cope with from prejudice and discrimination against those immigrants because they are different. Even though American risks losing its culture due to diversity it is too a benefit. The diversity in American culture can check every hotshot to be more patient of different ethnic groups.Also it helps improve American culture by adapting to new culture traditions and celebrations. In rescript to foster acceptance and cultural pluralism in the United States, we need to start living with an open musical theme and heart. We also need to create an education program to ascertain everyone about each other and their cultural backgrounds. Also by adapting to different cultural traditions we can participate in that culture. For example, In the United States we commemorate the Chinese New Year and CInco De Mayo.Also we need to find a way to stop depending on stereotypes to teach us about different groups. The media is als o portraying different groups of people a certain way. I have always launch that the news media try to find the most ignorant person to query or someone that could prove that ethnic stereotype correct. There are many examples of this in youthful news for example, The interview with Sweet Brown and her famous line Aint nobody got clock time for that or the interview of Antoine Dodson and all the funny YouTube videos that it has turned out.The media also does some good for example all the media coverage they do on gay rights as well as coverage on the Travon Martin case. With the Travon Martin case we saw a man that was prejudice against a young black male and kill him. The media attempt to do their best to show how wrong Zimmerman was in the situation. Showing these types of issues in the media it shows people it is not ok to hate or to take a young life because you are ignorant to their cultural background.Individually I know I have been prejudice against certain groups and kn ew the way I was acting was wrong. What I found I needed to work on is to be more accepting of everyone and treat others the way I want to be treated. I would not want to be discriminated against and I found no one else does either. I think we also need to live life and not judge people by the way they look but by their actions. The United States as a whole needs to teach its people that prejudice is still alive and discrimination is still happening.The United States also needs to reassessment its anti-discrimination laws and make sure they are still valid and revise the ones that need to be improved with our changing times. I also think there should be cultural diversity appreciation month that teaches about different cultures not just African Americans or Hispanic culture but about, Asian cultures and centre of attention Eastern cultures as well. We also need to start teaching children young to be accepting of everyone since they are our future. You are a reflection of then and they are a reflection of you.

An in-depth view on Alcohol

AbstractionThis look prospect go away look into and analyse further on how intoxicant in gargles is involved in the victimization of unwritten malignant neoplastic infirmity and ordain reexamine some related literature which has linked the set aboutment of unwritten malignant neoplastic indisposition and alcoholic drink-containing gargles. This survey purpose to bring forth relevant in fundamental laws, proper intercessions and proposal to modulate the occupation of these wares depending on the analysis and aftermath. The Dental Association claims that a nexus surrounded by intoxicant incorporating gargles and malignant neoplastic ailment emergence has been established and concluded that there is a possible nexus with multiple extensive term utilizations of intoxicant incorporating gargles but to a greater extent research and survey is required before this can be decidedly said to be. Thus this survey will function as an instrument to force out up the relationship o f malignant neoplastic disease development and intoxicant containing gargles. The mark of this survey are the commercialize intoxicant incorporating gargles that will be subjected to sensitive survey and analysis utilizing the proper engineering and chemical attainment to get in a more complex and choice research merchandise.IntroductionDatas based from epidemiological surveies bring home the bacon small background and penetration on how intoxicant increases the possibility or imagine for the development of diverse malignant neoplastic diseases. In some malignant neoplastic diseases, intoxicant is believed to play a tiny causal function. For others a malignant neoplastic disease, such as chest and coloured malignant neoplastic diseases, alcohol believed to play an indirect causal function by mechanisms sweetening that causes malignant neoplastic disease. searches analyzing at these mechanisms through direct and indirect causal consequence may cast visible radiation on funct ion of intoxicant in the development of malignant neoplastic diseases.Carcinogenic consequence of intoxicant is right away linked in the development of unwritten malignant neoplastic diseases. Chiefly this alcohols thought to be prove in gargle which is intoxicant based. This phenomenon may be explained by its interaction with enzymes. These as var.ed enzymes that usually support our organic structure to detoxicate the substances that enter our systems can besides increase the hazard of toxicity academic degree in some carcinogens.The ProblemThis survey will assay say and clear up the do of intoxicant based gargle and its contributory factor for the development of unwritten malignant neoplastic disease. Specifically, reply the inquiry Is there a important consequence of utilizing intoxicant based gargle in the development of unwritten malignant neoplastic disease? Background of the ProblemThe job statement of this research is indispensable to clear up the old surveies and oth er contradictions about the stem of involvement. Through this survey, issues refering the consequence of ethanal incorporating gargles will be clarify and will bring forth relevant information in the development of health check intercession specially oncological scientific discipline.There are research surveies that have been established the relationship between intoxicant usage and malignant neoplastic disease. This hazard is due to alcohol constituent depending on the sort of malignant neoplastic disease. The strongest associations between malignant neoplastic disease intoxicant utilizations are with oral cavity, esophageal, laryngeal, chest, guttural, and liver malignant neoplastic diseases.A survey conducted by Dental Professor Laurence Walsh, MD, the caput of the University of Queensland s groom of Dentistry, says that there are a figure of grounds why some gargles would really cut megabucks the hazard of malignant neoplastic disease development because their primary mechan ism will impairs the molecules production standardised ethanal that which is considered as a carcinogenesis. Dr. Walsh assumes that there is grounds and literature which has support from local and international research organisations that alcohol incorporating gargles used to cut down bacteriums which produce ethanals are non linked to malignant neoplastic disease. opposite to the survey conducted by Dr. Walsh, ethanal, harmonizing to Dr. McCullough have is a toxic byproduct of intoxicant and suspected to be carcinogenic that will lend to unwritten malignant neoplastic disease development. He besides said that these by merchandises may remain and may be accumulate in the oropharyngeal pit when these alcohol incorporating gargles is cosmos used and he says that there is no grounds demoing the these chemical component or molecule could each prevent or stamp down the development of malignant neoplastic disease.Experts on malignant neoplastic disease development recommends that there may be increased on the possible hazard in utilizing gargles incorporating intoxicant and recommends to be more cautious against the usage of these strong alcohol-based oral cavity rinse in particular among coffin nails tobacco users to cover up the odor of coffin nail fume they say more surveies and researches is required into such merchandises to even off up the facts.In responses to the old surveies and researches, this research proposal will seek to garner the most accurate and recent informations to carry through the necessary factor in set uping facts related to alcoholic based gargle and the malignant neoplastic disease development. refresh of Related Literature questiones is begins to repress their surveies on the mechanisms by which intoxicant induces or potentates the development of malignant neoplastic diseases in human race and, hence, develop intercession on how to forestall it. Scientists are besides making researches to find the impact of these merchandises in t he phases of malignant neoplastic disease development ( Rothman,1999 ) .SurveiesSome initial surveies show that intoxicant may impact development of malignant neoplastic disease, at the degree of familial by transforming genes mannerism in the publicity and inductive reasoning phases of malignant neoplastic disease. It has already been suggested that, a merchandise of intoxicant metamorphosis which is acetaldehyde alters cell s natural ability to retrace or mend its DNA that consequences in a greater likeliness that cause mutants induction in the development of malignant neoplastic disease ( Espina, et Al, 1988 ) . It has late been suggested that intoxicant word picture may ensue in over look of certain transforming genes in human cells and, thereby, trigger malignant neoplastic disease publicity ( Kharbanda, et Al, 1993 )Although there is less grounds that intoxicant itself is a carcinogen, which will be the chief focal point of this survey, by sweetening of the carcinogenic eff ects of other substances and chemicals, intoxicant may move as cocarcinogen. Some surveies indicate for case that intoxicant enhances ability of baccy to additions and stimulate formation of tumour in rats ( Garro, et Al, 1990 ) . In worlds, the hazard for oral cavity, esophageal and tracheal malignant neoplastic disease is 35 times greater for persons who smoke and drink at the selfsame(prenominal) nip than for people who uncomplete fume nor drink, this imply the of import interaction of cocarcenogenesis between intoxicant and tobacco-related carcinogens ( Blot, et al,1988 ) .Acetaldehyde is one of the by merchandise of intoxicant. This chemical compound anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on experimental do on animate beings suggests sufficient grounds of carcinogenicity ( IARC 1985, 1987, 1999 ) . When this compound was administered by inspiration, this will increased the relative incidence of glandular cancer and squamous and epithelial cell carcinomas in the rhinal mucous membrane in mice of both sexes. The same determination was concluded in laryngeal carcinomas in hamsters of both sexes. In another survey utilizing inspiration, in a lower degree of exposure and in survey utilizing intratracheal instillment, there is no increased incidence of tumours in soecimens was observed.A research conducted in an aldehyde works reported nine instances of malignant neoplastic disease, including both instances of carcinomas of the unwritten pit and ?ve instances of bronchial tumours. This research survey was considered to be rating unequal because of assorted exposure, the detailed figure of instances, and the hapless population specifying. Among these instances, three surveies utilizing instance control investigated the hazard of unwritten, pharynx, and esophageal malignant neoplastic diseases spare-time activity heavy intoxicants intake. These surveies systematically showed an increased hazard of this malignant neoplastic disease in persons with fami lial polymorphisms in enzymes involved in the metamorphosis of ethanal these polymorphisms were associated with higher blood concentration of ethanal following intoxicant intake ( IARC 1985, 1987, 1999 ) .Research somaEpidemiologic and experimental research method will be the suggested research design which may include cohort and case-control surveies. Cohort surveies can be either prospective or historical ( Breslow and twenty-four hours, 1980 ) .The medical history of a cohort of topics is built in the historical cohort survey to see the specifying cohort of those who were exposed to a hazard factor. The incidence rate of those persons who exhibit the manifestations or disease among capable who had been exposed is compared with the incidence rate of manifestations or disease among an assemblage which is non exposed. In this survey, the footing of comparing is population rate.In the simplest type of this survey design two groups ( cohorts ) of topics would be identified, one o f which will be exposed to a specific intercession related to the survey, an wellness hazard factor, and the other group will non.The rate at which individuals without the disease ( known as noncases ) are transformed into individuals with the disease ( designated as instances ) is referred to as incidence rate. These two groups of people will be followed over a specific period of clip. unmatchable group will be exposed to a hazard factor and the other group will non. The exposure of the individual over clip, called individual clip, is measured uniformly in hours, yearss, months or old ages from the clip of the beginning of the exposure to the end point of the exposure under study ( Breslow, N. E. & A Day ) .The measuring stick of the individual clip per group is by the amount of the exposure times for every members in the group. In incidence rate surveies, the proportion of instances per cumulative person-time, for those in the open group, is compared to that in the unexposed gr oup ( Breslow, N. E. & A Day ) .The magnitude of the comparative hazard indicates the strength of the relationship between incidence and exposure. A comparative hazard of integrity indicates that there is no common difference between the incidence hazards from the group exposed than that from the group being.Statistical intervention and other method of analysis will be discussed in the existent launching to incorporate all the constructs and thoughts applied in this research survey.Expected ConsequencesThe consequence of this survey will be subjected to statistical analysis based on epidemiological surveies to make critical consciousness and systematic apprehension of the topic being studied. The information and analysis will help the research workers in doing generalisations, supporting averments, and analyzing possible publication options to build a plausible statement. The research worker will anticipate more accurate consequence with valid and believable informations to devel op theoretical apprehension in the development of intercession and betterment medical pattern in oncology and familial biological scienceMentionsBlot, W.J. McLaughlin, J.K. Winn, D.M. Austin, D.F. Greenberg, R.S. Preston-Martin, S. Bernstein, L. Schoenberg, J.B. Stemhagen, A. and Fraumeni, J.F.Smoke and imbibing in relation to unwritten and pharyngeal malignant neoplastic disease. Cancer Research48 ( 11 ) 3282-3287, 1988.Breslow, N. E. & A Day, N.E. ( 1980 ) . Statistical Methods in Cancer Research Vol 1-The Analysis of Case-Control Studies, foreign Agency for Research on CancerLyon, pp. 1-40, 73-78, 84-115, 122-157, 280-289, 349-351.Breslow, N. E. & A Day, N.E. ( 1987 ) . Statistical Methods in Cancer Research Vol II-The Design and Analysis of Cohort Studies. International Agency for Research on Cancer Lyon, pp.21, 65, 108-109, 336-344, 363-365.Department of Health and clement Services, Food and Drug Administration. E8 General Considerations for Clinical Trials.Federal Registervol. 62, no. 242, 12/17/1997, 6613-6619.Espina, N. Lima, V. Lieber, C.S. and Garro, A.J. In vitro and in vivo restrictive consequence of ethyl alcohol and ethanal on 06methylguanine transferase.Carcinogenesis9 ( 5 ) 761-766, 1988.Garro, A.J. , and Lieber, C.S. Alcohol and malignant neoplastic disease.Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology 30219-249, 1990.IARC. 1985. Allyl Compounds, Aldehydes, Epoxides, and Peroxides. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans, vol. 36. Lyon, FranceInternational Agency for Research on Cancer. 369 pp.IARC. 1987. Overall Evaluations of Carcinogenicity. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans, Supplement 7. Lyon, FranceInternational Agency for Research on Cancer. 440 pp.IARC. 1999. Re-evaluation of Some Organic Chemicals, Hydrazine, and Hydrogen Peroxide. IARCKharbanda, S. Nakamura, T. and Kufe, D. Induction of the c-jun proto-oncogene by a protein kinase C-de pendent mechanism during exposure of human cuticular keratinocytes to ethanol.Biochemical Pharmacology45 ( 3 ) 675-681, 1993.McCullough, M. D. ( 2007 ) Australian Dental Journal.Oral Medicine,Rothman, K.J. The proportion of malignant neoplastic disease attributable to alcohol ingestion.Preventive Medicine9 ( 2 ) 174-179, 1999.

Discuss the staging of Act 1 Scene 4 and Act 5 Scene 3 Essay

Macbeth was write in 1606 for the current King James I. 1606 was in the Jacobean period, a time when people believed in the Divine Right of Kings. This is the belief that Kings were chosen by God. They also believed that the worst possible crime was to wipe out a King and this would result in existence dammed to hell. They also believed in the Great Chain of universe, the importance of bes from highest to lowest. At the top was God and below him were the different positions held by Angels. Below Angels, the King was positioned in a higher place all other human beings. Because of this the King was leapingn the title Gods Deputy On Earth. During the Jacobean period there was also a strong belief in witchcraft this being present in the play greatly intrigued the audience.Act 1 slam 4 and act 5 scene 3 twain show examples of Kingship. The Kingship shown in these two scenes are very different. In gild to understand these differences we must focus on the way in which the scenes a re staged and the audiences pictures generated by the script.Duncan is a very well take noteed and admi chromatic King. The people of Scotland admire and bow shore to him, as they believe he is a good ruler. Duncan praises and rewards those who do well to him. He congratulates Macbeth in triumphant the battle against Norway and promotes him to Thane of Cawdor. Its ironic how Duncans two most trusted companions betray him. Macbeth had gained the title Thane of Cawdor off the previous(prenominal) traitor that turned against Duncan and fought for Norway. Duncan truly believes in loyalty and trust. This implies that Duncan is an extremely confident man. When he walks into a elbow room, he knows people are watching him and this does non twainer him.Macbeth rules very differently to Duncan. After killing Duncan, Macbeth begins to terror that this could easily happen to him. Macbeth does not praise those who do well, but punishes those who do bad or correct nothing. If he feels they may be a threat to him he will immediately take attain and eliminate them. Macbeth has no loyal friends, simply scared servants that do what they are commanded, fearing for their lives.The first scene shows Duncan as King surrounded by his loyal company, whereas the second scene shows Macbeth as King without the company of anyone extract his servants which are treated with very little respect. In both of these acts the Kings are scuppered in the same room of the castle. In act 1 scene 1, Duncan is informed about the death of Thane of Cawdor who is found to be a traitor and sentenced to death. The atmosphere presented is shameful but Duncan knows that the decision he made was right.In act 5 scene 3 Macbeth hears that the English ground forces is heading for the castle. He also finds out the unstable measure up of his wife. He jokes to the doctor and asks what the condition of the country is. The doctor replies very honestly saying that he would take to be as far away from Dunsinane as possible. In this scene Macbeth realizes that he will neer be the King that Duncan was, he can see that the honor he receives is merely from the mouth and not from the heart.To show the different views from each scene I would present them similar to each other, as this would cater the audience to compare and make a connection between the scenes much clearly. In act 1 scene 4 I would arrange the characters in order to show their status. I would place Duncan in center stage and make sure that he is the main focus. In order to enhance this persuasion his position on stage must be raised above others. I would retain his loyal accompanists by his side.By doing this it would create the sense that Duncan is a man of high status and respected and reward as a King. To create a connection between the two scenes I would place Macbeth in the same position as Duncan in act 5 scene 3. Duncans opposeion to the perfidy and sentenced execution to the once loyal Thane of Cawdor s hould be very calm. He could also show a keen sadness by shedding a tear, this would show the audience that Duncan is shocked and upset by the acts of mistrust. Macbeth is confront with a similar situation in which could endanger his position as King, I would make him react violently and irritated.To create an obvious link between the tow scenes I would use a bombastic throne as a distinctive prop. This throne would be grand and covered in red velvet. In act 1 scene 4 I would do Duncan using this throne in a proper manner, sitting up straight and proudly, where as I would defy Macbeth slouching with one branch on an armrest. By using this prop it would display their differences in Kingship.In act 1 scene 4 Macbeth displays his loyalty towards Duncan by crying out O worthiest cousin as Macbeth and Banquo approach. As he says this line I would make him have his arms wide open reaching out towards Macbeth. In line 31 Duncan says let me infold thee and hold thee to my heart. On thi s line I would make Macbeth kneel cumulation and kiss Duncans ring. Rings were worn by Kings as symbols of their positions. Kissing this ring would show Macbeths respect towards Duncan.In part 3 of act 5, line 11, a servant informs Macbeth about the English armys approach towards the castle. Macbeth is worried, he shows great disrespect towards the servant by addressing to him with thou cream-facd addlehead. Whilst Macbeth says this line I would make him use violence towards the servant, hitting or shaking him. This would show an crime and uncaring King that is simply using his status to place himself above everyone else. Towards the end of this scene a doctor talks to Macbeth about the condition of his wife. Macbeth looks down to the doctor even though the doctor knows more about his wife than he does.Macbeth often reassures himself by referring back to the witches prophecies, while he does this I would have him pacing back and forth. The witches never told Macbeth what to do th ey simply predicted the future and left it in the hands of Macbeth. This raises the judgement that Macbeth might not have been King if he did not kill Duncan, or he could have become King at a later date from the natural death of Duncan.Dressing both of the Kings in each scene differently can compare their differences in personality. I would dress Duncan in a large pure white robe to show his clear conscience. I would also grace him with gold jewelry to display his high status. Macbeth would be dressed very differently I would have him in more common clothing in the colour black. This black would show the evil out of sight within him. This evil side is suggested when Lady Macbeth describes Macbeth as looking like the innocent yet being the serpent under.By using different lighting I would be able to display what the Kings are feeling in each scene. In act 1 scene 4 I would use an orange light, this would create a feeling of warmth, as Duncan is kind, caring and in great company. In act 5 scene 3 I would have a blue light, this will give the scene a cold, empty and negative feel.All of these stage techniques would enable the audience to compare and origin the two scenes of Kingship. If these were not used it would make the story harder to understand, hidden within Shakespeares script.In both of these scenes the Kings received high amounts of respect whether it was truly from the heart or falsely from the mouth. Macbeth was seen to be simply an disqualify King by those who knew him closely as apposed to a bad King. This is because in the Jacobean period, whomever becomes King, has been elected by God, God being the top of the Great Chain of Beings. Back then Gods opinion meant everything, and could fix peoples opinion on a bad King.

The Story of Rosewood

Ingred Thompson Minority Groups 2390. 50 Dr. Dollarhide Texas Wesleyan University Fall 2012 This is the story of rosewood tree, Fl. I chose this film because of its sensitive subject on Racism and Discrimination. rosewood tree is the true story of a small Florida town, was inhabited that almost entirely by quiet, middle-class African- Americans (most of them kinfolk and land owners and better off than average at the time. ) On New Years Day, 1923, the town was wiped off the panorama of the earth by angry snowys from a neighboring companionship.It occurred because of the false testimony of one white woman. The debacle in rosewood claimed dozens of African Americans lives. At a time when racial tension was incredibly high, the fatal members of a small segregated community put up themselves unprotected from the hatred of the neighboring white men. The director of this photograph is John Singleton he was on born January 6, 1968, he is a film director, screenwriter, and producer . He is a native of S protrudeh Los Angeles. A lot of Singletons films deal with issues ranging from discrimination, racism, prejudice, and stereotyping.I will look to explore the distinguishable flying fields of conflict regarding the maltreatment of the African American spate. I think that it was so unfortunate for them to be control away from their homes and life as they knew it. Some of the areas that this film deals with are Prejudice, Racism, and Discrimination. The conflict theoretical perspective of weber is utilized throughout the film. The whites were in control of everything, except for the land that the blacks owned (but they wanted to own it too).Prejudice is found throughout this film among the Anglo-Saxon community because of what one woman claimed happened to her. Prejudice is defined as the determination to think and feel negatively about members of other groups. The main factor of Prejudice as seen it this movie reflects the same ideas that were learned in cla ss. Stereotyping is also present, just because she (Taylor) didnt want to be found out she blamed a black man for assaulting and raping her. The fact that the sheriff didnt really believe her account of what happened, he had to go along with the majority in order to save his ob. This was a case of selective perception, because they solo seen it one way, the black man did it. Discrimination on the other hand is the unequal treatment of people based on their membership in a group. Because of what Fannie Taylor said happened to her a whole community suffered at the hands of a group of racist white people. On the morning of January 1, 1923 Fannie Coleman Taylor of Sumner Florida, claimed she was assaulted by a black man. No one disputed her account and no questions were asked.It was assumed she was reporting the incident accurately. Sarah holder a black woman from Rosewood, who did the laundry for Fannie Taylor and was present on the morning of the incident, claimed the man that assau lted Fannie Taylor was her white lover. It was believed the two lovers quarreled and he abused Fannie and left. No one questioned Fannie Taylors account and no one asked Sarah Carrier about the incident. The black community claimed Fannie Taylor was only protecting herself from scandal.Fannies husband learned of the incident and became angry. The local white community became emotional at the alleged abuse of a white woman by a black man, which was an inexcusable sin against black men back then to look at a white woman. throng Taylor summoned help from Levy County and neighboring Alachua County, who was ending a staged Klu Klux Klan rally leading up to January 1, 1923, on the court house square in downtown Gainesville, where a large number of KKK members had been rallying and borderland in opposition of justice for black people.The accounts of what happened 12/31/22 On New Years eventide a large Ku Klux Klan Parade is held in Gainesville. 01/01/23 Early morning Fannie Taylor repo rts an glide slope by an unidentified black man. Monday afternoon Aaron Carrier is apprehended by a posse and is spirited out of the area by Sheriff Walker. Late afternoon A posse of white vigilantes apprehends and kills a black man named surface-to-air missile Carter. 01/02/23 Armed whites begin gathering in Sumner. 01/04/23 Late evening White vigilantes attack the Carrier house. Two white men are killed, and several(prenominal) others wounded.A black woman, Sarah Carrier is killed and others inside the Carrier house are either killed or wounded. Rosewoods black residents flee into the swamps. One black church is burned, and several unprotected homes. 01/05/23 Approximately 200-300 white men from surrounding areas begin to converge on Rosewood. The pitch blackness section is destroyed by fire. Governor Cary Hardee is notified, and Sheriff Walker reports that he fears no further disorder. The Sheriff of Alachua County arrives in Rosewood to assist Sheriff Walker. James Carrier i s murdered. 1/06/23 A train evacuates refugees, the Rosewood families, to Archer and Gainesville. 01/07/23 A mob of 100-150 whites return to Rosewood and burn the remaining structures. For over 60 years, the former citizens of Rosewood lived quietly with their grief and fear. Finally, through the determined efforts of Rosewood descendants, persistent journalists, and talented lawyers, the long-buried story was brought to light, and the survivors and their families were compensated with a $2 million payment of restitution from the state of Florida.Work cited http//www. africanaonline. com/2010/08/the-rosewood-massacre/ http//www. blackpast. org/? q=aah/rosewood-massacre-1923 http//www. displaysforschools. com/history. html http//www. imdb. com/title/tt0120036/ http//www. reelingreviews. com/reel148. htmrosewood Like feeling Day The Ruin and Redemption of a town called Rosewood. DOrso, Michael. New York Putnam 1996. 1st Edition. 8vo. 373pp. http//www. africanonline. com/2010/08/the-r osewood-massacre/

Discuss Briefly the Influence of Body Language, Voice Modulation, Audience Awareness and Presentation Plan for Successful Oral Presentation? Essay

Eye contact, facial expressions, comportment, movements, gestures.Why is it useful? It is intrinsic and a part of communication. to clarify meaningit is genuinely visualto vent nervousnessto main(prenominal)tain pursualto show The golden rule is Be natural and relaxed * Positive body language* mettle contactto keep consultations attention (Asian reference might get hold aggressed.) facial expressions should be natural and friendly rig eyebrows to show surprise open eyes abundant squint your eyes curl your eyebrows* the handsLots of possibilities to emphasise, to enumerate.to express sincerity or reflexionBe conscious of what you do with your handsIf you are unhappy, hold notes or cards to occupy themarm movements stake and forth to suggest flow.Open arms to include or welcome ideas* body movementto sign a change of focuskeep audiences attentionmove forward to evincemove to side to indicate a transition gestureup and d make head motions are movements to indicate impor tance or acknowledgement pen or pointer to indicate part, place (on a transparency)shrug shoulder to indicate I dont know or care* posturestand straight but relaxed(do not slouch or lean sideways)Lean forward to emphasize howeverNo hands in pocketsNegative body languageFailing to make eye contactDo not look at your notes all the timeLooking at the class/board means your brook is turned to the audience cutting contact Dont stare, or look blankly into peoples eyesAvoid swaying back and forth like a pendulumAvoid leaning against wallsBe aware of your nervous ticsDo not fold your arms like a barrierWhile one hand in a pocket advances a in truth relaxed pose, both hands in pockets looks too casual and should be avoidedThe VoiceThe voice is probably the close valuable tool of the presenter. It carries most of the content that the audience takes away. One of the oddities of speech is that we lavatory easily discriminate others what is wrong with their voice, e.g. too fast, too high, too soft, and so forth, but we excite trouble listening to and changing our own voices. in that respect are five main terms used for defining vocal qualities (Grant-Williams, 2002) * Volume How big the sound is. The goal is to be comprehend without shouting. Good speakers lower their voice to draw the audience in, and raise it to make a point. * Tone The characteristics of a sound. An air proposale has a different sound than leaves being rustled by the wind. A voice that carries fear can f right handen the audience, eyepatch a voice that carries laughter can get the audience to smile. * Pitch How high or low a note is. Pee cook Herman has a high voice, Barbara Walters has a moderate voice, while James Earl Jones has a low voice. * Pace This is how recollective a sound lasts. Talking too fast causes the haggle and syllables to be short, while talking late lengthens them. Varying the pace helps to maintain the audiences interest. * Color Both projection and tone section can be employd by taking the line This newpolicy is going to be exciting and saying it first with surprise, then with irony, then with grief, and finally with anger. The key is to over-act. Remember Shakespeares words All the macrocosms a stage presentations are the opening night on Broadway There are two good methods for improving your voice1. Listen to it Practice listening to your voice while at home, driving, walking, etc. Then when you are at work or with company, monitor your voice to conceive if you are using it how you compulsion to. 2. To really listen to your voice, cup your right hand around your right ear and gently pull the ear forward. Next, cup your left hand around your mouth and channelise the sound straight into your ear. This helps you to really hear your voice as others hear it and it might be blamelessly different from the voice you thought it was Now practice moderating your voice.QuestioningKeep cool if a questioner disagrees with you. You are a professio nal No matter how hard you tense up, not everyone in the world will agree with you Although some people get a perverse pleasure from putting others on the spot, and some try to look good in front of the boss, most people ask questions from a genuine interest. Questions do not mean you did not explain the topic good enough, but that their interest is deeper than the average audience. Always allow time at the end of the presentation for questions. subsequently inviting questions, do not rush ahead if no one asks a question. Pause for about 6 seconds to allow the audience to gather their thoughts. When a question is asked, repeat the question to ensure that everyone heard it (and that you heard it correctly). When answering, direct your remarks to the entire audience. That way, you keep everyone focused, not just the questioner. To reinforce your presentation, try to relate the question back to the main points. shape sure you listen to the question being asked. If you do not underst and it, ask them to clarify. Pause to pretend about the question as the answer you give whitethorn be correct, but ignore the main issue. If you do not know the answer, be honest, do not waffle. Tell them you will get back to them and make sure you do Answers that last 10 to 40 seconds work best. If they are too short, they calculate abrupt while longeranswers appear too elaborate. Also, be sure to keep on track. Do not let off-the-wall questions sidetrack you into areas that are not relevant to the presentation. If someone takes issue with something you said, try to find a way to agree with part of their argument. For example, Yes, I understand your position or Im glad you raised that point, but The idea is to praise their point and agree with them as audiences sometimes tend to think of us verses you. You do not want to risk alienating them. Preparing the PresentationAfter a concert, a fan rushed up to famed violinist Fritz Kreisler and gushed, Id give up my whole life to play a s beautifully as you do. Kreisler replied, I did. To fail to fudge is to prepare to failThe first step of a great presentations is preplanning. Preparing for a presentation basically follows the like guidelines as a meeting (a helpful guide on preparing and conducting a meeting, such as getting a room, informing participants, etc.) The second step is to prepare the presentation. A good presentation starts out with introductions and may include an icebreaker such as a story, interesting statement or fact, or an exercise to get the group warmed up. The introduction also needs an objective, that is, the purpose or goal of the presentation. This not only tells you what you will talk about, but it also informs the audience of the purpose of the presentation. Next, comes the body of the presentation. Do not write it out word for word. All you want is an outline. By jotting down the main points on a set of index cards, you not only have your outline, but also a warehousing jogger for the actual presentation. To prepare the presentation, ask yourself the following * What is the purpose of the presentation?* Who will be attending?* What does the audience already know about the subject?* What is the audiences attitude towards me (e.g. hostile, friendly)? A 45 proceedings talk should have no more than about seven main points. This may not come along like very many, but if you are to leave the audience with a clear picture of what you have said, you cannot expect them to remember much morethan that. There are several options for structuring the presentation * Timeline Arranged in sequential order.* Climax The main points are delivered in order of increasing importance. * Problem/Solution A problem is presented, a solution is suggested, and benefits are then given. * Classification The important items are the major points. * impartial to complex Ideas are listed from the simplest to the most complex. Can also be done in reverse order. You want to include some visua l information that will help the audience understand your presentation. Develop charts, graphs, slides, handouts, etc. After the body, comes the closing. This is where you ask for questions, provide a wrap-up (summary), and thank the participants for attending. Notice that you told them what they are about to hear (the objective), told them (the body), and told them what they heard (the wrap up). And finally, the important part practice, practice, practice. The main purpose of creating an outline is to develop a coherent plan of what you want to talk about. You should know your presentation so well, that during the actual presentation, you should only have to briefly regard at your notes to ensure you are staying on track. This will also help you with your nerves by free you the confidence that you can do it. Your practice session should include a live session by practicing in front of coworkers, family, or friends. They can be valuable at providing feedback and it gives you a ch ance to practice controlling your nerves. Another great feedback technique is to make a video or audio put down of your presentation and review it critically with a colleague.